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Minggu, 28 Desember 2014

Tokek = Gecko

KOMPAS.com - by David Sucianto
In Indonesian name is Tokek in
English known as Tokay Gecko
or tucktoo. Peoples in Indonesia believed it can cure itchy skin disease.  Didi (48) explains that he has been cured of hives because of  eating meat gecko.
"Long time ago I had experienced itching on my skin. My friend recommends I must eat meat of gecko, I retrace
advice. I eat grilled meat of gecko.
After a few meals, My skin look better from the itch, "
Didi said when Kompas.com met him in His residence in Pancoran Mas, Depok, West Java on Friday (25/9).
Before felt the efficacy of gecko meat, Didi said he often heard about the efficacy of  gecko for human health. However, because of the shape and pattern are disgusting,
Didi claimed did not want to try it. "But I finally tried. Maybe get rid from the itch, next day my skin is well, "he said.
The same thing happened with Suryadi Cahyono Asmoro
(37). Man from Cipedak, Ciganjur, Jakarta had stress for months because of his daughter, two years old suffer from itching in the face. "My daughter face
be ugly, "he said.
He brought his daughter to the docter a few times and was given medication, but to no avail. "Doctor explain  due to allergies, but it is not clear, "he said.
Each time the treated cured. But after drug exhausted, itching was relapse and make her face is not pretty.
Finally he tried to buy meat of
gecko. "Luckily, my daughter wanted. Several times to try, "he said. Then trying gecko fuel. As a result, the face of the child until
now (already a year) is clean and
looks beautiful.
In addition to meat, blood and bile geckos believed could also be a drug. However, a special blood and
bile, whether Suryadi or Didi had never to try it. "What I heard like it (blood and bile geckos can be a drug). But Ido not know what drugs do. "he said. Geckos are animals that eat various insects, other smaller lizards, and rodents
small. Like the other lizard, gecko active hunting mainly at night. However, be careful if you want to catch it. Because, gecko often bite.
When held, the gecko will open
mouth, ready to bite her captors.
The bite is very strong, jaw muscles
if locked, so there is a byword that
geckos bite can not be separated unless there was a sound of thunder. Assumption that has not been
unsubstantiated, and the fact that it
geckos bite really difficult to be released.

Kamis, 25 Desember 2014

Merry Christmas

Peaceful day with a beautiful togetherness, when filled with prayer in all corners of the world, they say peace, they say hope, And say hello, peace and love, today we are at once in all corners of the world to say blessing you blessing day to those who celebrate it, with words loving and love, which is heard by the wind and snow, the words are heard by the stars, that they were sincere prayers ascend to heaven, which is heard by the angels, the blessed and the greeting of peace and blessed day, of all direction of the world a wonderful greeting and kindness over the cliff, through valleys, rivers, mountains, and up to the stars, because they are billions of people simultaneously uttered the phrase goodness in tranquility, thus making billions of people pray and pray with words love and billions of people into feeling comfortable, at ease, peace in the protection with the natural love from Who The created of universe.
http://www.dumasart.blogspot.com 
http://www.dmazsh.blogspot.com 
Say :
To all who Celebrated,  Merry Christmas And Happy New Year!




Rabu, 10 Desember 2014

Batik Bali

Batik Bali as Hindu-Balinese culture does not have grip on how to draw in creations. Bali has focus more traditional sculpture and painting to the creation. Batik Bali heavily influenced by Javanese batik. People wear batik Bali for the ceremony as the fashion cloths and a headband (udeng). To make
Batik Bali, with wax or paint, sometimes using with batik tie. Balinese batik cloth is characterized
namely in terms of bright colors and wavy. With the ikat technique,
combined in a soft color gradation
with many motifs. Balinese batik cloth already widely circulated in batik Bali cloths store, for that we do not need looking to Bali to get a Balinese batik cloth.

Kamis, 13 November 2014

APEC Competitor

Motorola

Iphone
Samsung
7 countries of the Asian smartphone makers have been competing fiercely to dominating the world market of gadgets try to beat Samsung and iphone that has dominated the market.  The counrty of smartphone makers are China, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Philippines.

China

1. Xiaomi This is perhaps the best known of any Asian startup, thanks to the fact that it’s already outselling Apple in China. Xiaomi plans to sell 60 million smartphones this year. Hiring ex-Google Android VP Hugo Barra last year stunned the world and signaled that it’s ready to explore new markets. What’s Xiaomi’s secret? Its smartphones sell for about half the price of Samsung’s and HTC’s flagship phones, yet the strength and versatility of its Android skin (called MIUI) makes them feel like top-quality products. Xiaomi keeps costs low by selling 70 percent of its phones online, and the rest via telco partners. It has no retail business to drain money. It also sells to Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore. It aims to roll out in more countries in Southeast Asia – the next stop will be Malaysia. And then it’ll tackle big markets like India. Xiaomi’s next continent will likely be South America. Lower down in the price range is the Xiaomi Redmi, which we reckon is the best phone you can get for a mere $130. Xiaomi models itself on Amazon, according to its founder. But the company’s minimal product line-up often leads to the media comparing it with Apple. Like Apple, Xiaomi has a streaming media box, and it has adapted that software to put into its own smart TV, the MiTV. Flagship phone: Xiaomi Mi4 has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 2.5GHz Snapdragon 801 processor; 3GB RAM; 13MP back camera and a 8MP front one; Android 4.4; costs US$325 (16GB) or $405 (64GB) unlocked. Check out our Mi4 review.

2. Coolpad

Here’s another newcomer now outselling Apple in China. Coolpad is China’s third biggest smartphone brand in terms of sales, according to Gartner, thanks to a broad line-up of mostly cheap Android-based smartphones, with lots of special versions made for China’s three telcos. They won’t win any design awards and won’t blow your mind, but only 13 percent of Chinese people will buy smartphones that cost over $330 (that’s the psychologically important RMB 2,000 barrier) so the low-end market is vast. Coolpad has been an OEM for several telcos around the world (producing stuff like the MetroPCS Quatrro 4G phone for T-Mobile in the US), and that’s still part of its business. But Coolpad wants to stand on its own brand overseas, and it’s targeting Southeast Asia as a first step. Flagship phone: Coolpad Halo has a 7-inch 1080p HD screen; 1.7GHz octa-core MediaTek MT6592 processor; 2GB RAM; 13MP back camera and a 5MP front one; Android 4.2; costs US$320 for 8GB model.

3. Oppo

Oppo is another Chinese phone-maker that’s looking to be big overseas as well as at home. But, despite spending big on advertising with Hollywood faces, Oppo is struggling to get brand recognition in its native China. The company is aiming globally with its newest flagships, the OPPO N1 (pictured above) and Find 7. The brand offers Oppo’s own Android skin (dubbed Color OS), but for some markets there’s the option of CyanogenMod’s new OS, potentially making it a big draw for Android geeks. A spin-off company from Oppo called OnePlus launched this year (see below) and which challenges Oppo with a similarly strongly-specced phone with an even smaller price-tag. Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines – all young and fast-developing mobile markets – are target new markets for OPPO. Flagship phone: Oppo Find 7 has a 5.5-inch quad-HD screen (yes, that’s 2560 by 1440 pixels), 2.5GHz Snapdragon quad-core processor; 3GB RAM; 13MP rear camera (with software trickery it takes 50MP images) and a 5MP front one; Android 4.4; costs US$499 unlocked.

4. OnePlus

OnePlus, China’s newest big-bang phone-maker, burst onto the scene in May this year. Inspired by Xiaomi, it sells only online, and has strong hardware at a satisfyingly low price. Unlike Xiaomi, OnePlus is going global from day one. Indeed, OnePlus may do better outside China than it does at home, thanks to its use of CyanogenMod OS, a highly configurable reworking of Android that stays close to the look of stock Android. The tie-up with the respected modders at CyanogenMod also means that the OnePlus will get very timely Android updates – likely faster than any other brand on this list. Flagship phone: OnePlus One has a 5.5-inch 1080p HD screen; 2.5 GHz Snapdragon 801 processor; 3GB RAM; 13MP back camera and a 5MP front one; Android 4.4; costs US$299 (16GB) or $349 (64GB) unlocked. Check out our OnePlus One review.

 India

5. Micromax Of all the firms on our list, Micromax is the closest to its goal of beating Samsung. 44 million new smartphones were shipped in India in 2013 – 38 percent of those from Samsung, 16 percent from Micromax. Like most of these Asian brands (though not the Chinese ones), Micromax also makes tablets and feature phones. Micromax started its overseas expansion late last year by venturing into Russia and Romania, two developing markets that it reckons have a strong desire for more affordable smartphones. Flagship phone: Micromax Canvas Nitro A310 has a 5-inch 720p HD screen; 1.7 GHz octa-core Mediatek MT6592 processor; 2GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and a 5MP front one; Android 4.4; costs US$215 for the 8GB model.

6. Karbonn

Karbonn made up 10 percent of smartphone shipments in India at the end of 2013. Karbonn is a bit smaller than Micromax, but both are growing strongly. Flagship phone: Karbonn Titanium Octane Plus has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 1.7 GHz MediaTek octa-core processor; 13MP rear camera and 8MP front one; Android 4.4; costs $240 unlocked.

7. Xolo

 Though smaller than its two compatriot rivals, Xolo is also keen for a slice of India’s low-end to mid-range smartphone market. However, the prices are not as tempting as those of its local rivals. Flagship phone: Xolo 8X-1000 has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 2 GHz octa-core MediaTek MT6592T processor; 2GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and a 5MP front one; Android 4.4; costs US$330 for the 16GB iteration.

Pakistan

8. Q Mobile

Q Mobile is the largest homegrown smartphone maker in Pakistan, making a mix of feature phones, smartphones, and tablets. The company started relatively recently – in 2009 – so it’s not struggling with a switch away from making basic phones in the same as as some other brands on this list. At the moment, Q Mobile has 43 smartphone models listed on its homepage. Flagship phone: Q Mobile Noir Quatro Z4 has a 5-inch 1080p screen; 1.5 Ghz processor (CPU brand not disclosed); 2GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and 5MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $290 unlocked.

Indonesia

9. Smartfren

Smartfren is different from the others in this list in that it’s a mobile telco company. It has 12.5 million subscribers, and it’s pushing forward Indonesia’s shift to Android with its own competitively-priced smartphones. In our experience, the cheap components can lead to a laggy and sub-par experience on Smarfren’s phones, but then they do cost well under $200 unlocked. Still, Xiaomi’s cheapest phone is only $130 but has much stronger specs and doesn’t feel laggy, so Smartfren (and many others on this list) have some catching up to do on their sub-$200 phones. Flagship phone: Smartfren Andromax Z has a 5.5-inch 720p screen; 1.5 GHz Snapdragon processor; 1GB RAM; 8MP rear camera and 2MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $245 unlocked.

10. HiMax

 Indonesia’s HiMax (not to be confused with the Taiwanese chip-maker of the same name) might have learned something from brands like Oppo and Xiaomi to make stronger phones than compatriot rivals like Smartfren and the increasingly clueless Cyrus. Not only are the specs stronger, but HiMax is offering lower prices than other Indonesian phone brands and coming up with better looking software too. Flagship phone: HiMax Polymer S has a 5-inch 720p HD screen; 1.7 GHz MediaTek MT6592 processor; 2GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and 5MP front one; Android 4.4; costs $170 for the 8GB version.

11. Mito

 Mito sells tablets, feature phones, and smartphones. It’s based in Indonesia but it also operates in India. 80 percent of its sales are low-end, feature phone devices. It sold about two to three million devices in 2013, so it’s not going to sell that many smartphones, but it’s still one to watch as its ratio of smartphone sales increases. Flagship phone: Mito Fantasy A95 has a 5-inch 720p HD screen; 1.2 GHz Mediatek MT6589 quad-core processor; 1GB RAM; 8MP rear camera and 1.3MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $153 unlocked.

Malaysia

12. Ninetology With an emphasis on style and a bit more attention paid to design than is evident in the others on this list, Malaysia’s Ninetology is already, it claims, Malaysia’s second biggest phone-maker – behind, inevitably, Samsung. The Malaysian firm sells its phones in neigboring Indonesia. Flagship phone: Ninetology Z1T has a 5-inch 720p HD screen; 1.2 GHZ quad-core Snapdragon 400 processor; 1GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and 1.6MP front one; Android 4.3; costs $315 unlocked.

Thailand

13. I-Mobile

 Like Cyrus and a couple of other firms on this list, Thailand’s I-Mobile is slowly transitioning from being a cloner of other people’s feature phones to a maker of its own Android devices. Its latest IQ range of phones packs in a commendable amount of camera for less that $300, which is a good idea for a country that’s so crazy about Instagram. Flagship phone: I-Mobile IQ X KEN has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 2.2 GHz Snapdragon 800 processor; 2GB RAM; 13MP rear camera and 1.3MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $528 unlocked.

Philippines

14. Cherry Mobile

The Philippines has faster smartphone market growth than the likes of Indonesia and Vietnam, making it a country to watch right now. If you thought that Samsung has a dizzying array of options, Cherry Mobile makes the Korean giant look like a master of Zen simplicity. Cherry Mobile recently revealed 84 models – yes, eighty-four – that will be rolled out gradually during the course of a huge marketing blitz that will last for the next two months. It also makes tablets and feature phones. Cherry Mobile’s devices are all made in China or India. This brand also sells in Thailand. Flagship phone: Cherry Mobile Cosmos Z2 has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 1.7 GHz MediaTek MT6592 processor; 2GB RAM; 18MP rear camera and 8MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $300 for the 16GB version.

15. Starmobile

Starmobile is battling Cherry Mobile with even larger phones that generally have stronger specs at a lower price. As is commonplace among these homegrown Asian brands, Starmobile also makes basic phones and tablets so as to cover the nation’s wide demographic spread. Cherry Mobile and Starmobile are being stalked closely by two local rivals, MyPhone and Torque. It’s hard to discern which of the four is selling more phones right now, but a recent survey suggests Cherry Mobile is the top homegrown phone-maker. Flagship phone: Starmobile Octa has a 5-inch 1080p HD screen; 1.7 GHz MediaTek MT6592 processor; 2GB RAM; 18MP rear camera and 8MP front one; Android 4.2; costs $320 for the 16GB version.

Samsung has a lot more to worry about besides those. This is far from an exhaustive list, and there are more grass-roots smartphone makers out there across Asia. Also, let’s not forget that there are some major rivals in the Android space too. Samsung’s closest rival in China is actually Lenovo. And there are plenty more, well-established brands keen to be the top shipper of Android smartphones – like LG, Huawei, HTC, Motorola, to name but four.

(Update 1, April 2014: This article was published originally in October 2013 with 13 on the list. It’s now updated with a total of 15. Evercoss was deleted from the list so that Q Mobile, Cherry Mobile, and Starmobile could be added in; Update 2, September 2014: We’ve updated all the flagship phones. In addition, FPT and Cyrus were removed from the list to be replaced with OnePlus and HiMax)

writter : Josh Horwitz, Terence Lee
Source : http://www.smartphonethebest.com

Harga dengan kurs dolar America.

Rabu, 22 Oktober 2014

Celebrating in the night

Night after the inauguration of the President and Vice President Mr.Joko Widodo and Mr.Jusuf Kala, from lines Juanda train station to Monas area still looks crowded with thousands of Indonesian people who will watch performances of local bands and a band from the United Kingdom 'Arkarna'. This event was held not because of the government's initiative but by the will of the people supporting Mr. Joko Widodo through some event organizers as organizers. Events such as this is the first time in the past held for the inauguration of the President and his deputy have never held a celebration like this before.

Senin, 13 Oktober 2014

Ceramics made in China

This image was made a few days ago at the street vendors. Many products made in China with a selling price which can be purchased by the middle class because it is not too expensive.

Sabtu, 13 September 2014

Indonesian ceramic

Ceramic made in Singkawang Kalimantan Indonesia. Photo shoot from top side with background batik Madura tablecloths.
Almost all batik from Madura drawing with leaves, flowers or birds patterned. Batik Madura more soft colored but this one is different. This is a batik tablecloths that have been aged approximately five years. Above it is the oriental style bowls of unknown age but made in local.

Senin, 08 September 2014

LG release new product

Customer services explained to me, with this Android Smartphone you can make photo with clear pictured without blur effect although the object moving fast. If you want creating selfie with long distance its possible without timer and touching your smartphone. Simply by moving hands clenched without touching your camera switch,  with 5.000.000 IDR (Indonesian Rupiah) this smartphone will belongs to you.





Jumat, 05 September 2014

Batik lasem and batik Madura

The patterns of Batik Madura and Batik Lasem is motifs wings, flowers and plants. All of this cloths printed or drawings with soft color on cotton.  Mr.Sutrisno as marketing will explain so detail wich one you will buy of batik cloth or shirt with his hospitality. Price of one cloth estimated 250.000 - 300.000 IDR.  Place at boutique 'Executive and Taylor'  in Cinere Mall Department Store basement beside Giant mart.

Sabtu, 30 Agustus 2014

Miaoouuuu...

HEY!..HOW ARE YOU MAN!..

UHMM. VERY NICE LEG..  


Sitting alone in a coffee shop. Something touched my right leg like something softly caress. Something was pinned my sandals that I wear. It turns out that a female cat staring at me from the bottom while lying.

Rabu, 20 Agustus 2014

Windows 7

There is many anti virus software people can download in internet. If they want full protection it must be pay for installation and free download with some risk. People who understand with agreement when doing software installation for they own computer always pay for it as far as they know it can make the system can be working perfect and save from virus and malware. Many choice to installation anti virus software product in internet that  people can browsing in Google.
Windows 7 product by Microsoft is software operating system for computer services have own anti virus and anti malware because this software is part of Operating system Windows 7,it is not necessary to instal new anti virus or buy new one to protection our computer. Only search and type the words 'windows defender' or 'Microsoft security Essential' in bar for searching on top right than you can read and following the instruction to instal. I am the one of million user of Windows 7 since 2011 and I never had problem used this software. 

Reminder : use genuine Windows 7 to save your computer.

Sabtu, 09 Agustus 2014

Smartphone for blogger

Blogging for blogger's is interesting activity. They always share about news,culinary,computer and photo to they own website. Sometime they share the accident on location they stayed with photo or video.  This make possible to read update news from smartphone. Today people can blogging  article and photo via smartfren Andromax i. This gadget is right tools for people who work in media electronic. The specification of Smartfren Andromax i :
OS Android Jelly Bean, Processor dual Core, 512 Ram, external memory card, camera 3-5 mp front And backside and many application may install via google play store to make blogger's easy and faster to publish update news. In Indonesia,The  important thing is.. this technology price is cheap. Only 649.000  to 1.250.000 IDR  it can belongs to you.

Kamis, 17 Juli 2014

Happy Ramadhan

Now 5:42PM, Im stayed in Cafe Corner Cilandak townsquare waiting for Adzan than eat with mom and brother. Bona petite

Selasa, 15 Juli 2014

The Age of Empire

       

  Trowulan site is the only one classical age City of
Hindu Budha in
Indonesia which can still be found. This Site
covers an area of ​​11 km x 9 km, which includes
District Trowulan and Sooko
in Mojokerto regency and district
Mojoagung and Mojowarno under
Jombang. Site of the former
capital of Majapahit Kingdom
built on flat terrain on foot
three mountains, namely mauntain
Welirang, and Anjasmara Mountain.
Geographically, the area Trowulan
suitable for human settlement because
powered by plane topography with
relatively shallow groundwater. Hundreds
thousand archaeological remains of the old city in
the world
Trowulan found buried under
soil and on the surface of the
forms: artifacts, where the largest trail
a large archipelago kingdom of Majapahit
located.
Interesting site of the remnants of the Kingdom
Majapahit found through research
wide and long. Research
The first in the world performed Trowulan
by Wardenaar in 1815.
Commissioned by Sir Raffles, Wardenaar
make a note of the archaeological heritage
and his work in the area of ​​Mojokerto
Raffles quoted in the book "History of
Java "(1817), which is exposed to various
archaeological objects found in
Trowulan of Majapahit Kingdom. On
In 1849, a team of archaeologists, WR
van Hovell, JVG Brumund, and Jonathan
Rigg publish their research
in the "Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Asia
East. "Another book on the findings
Trowulan titled "Toelichting over den
Pilaar van Ouden Majapahit "written by
J. Hageman in 1858. Later,
R.D.M. Verbeek made a site
visits to Trowulan and
issued a report in a
article entitled "Oudheden van
Majapahit in 1815 en 1887 ",
published in TBG XXXIII years
, 1889. Further research is conducted
by R.A.A. Kromodjojo Adinegoro
Bupati (Head) Mojokerto
(1849-1916) which had attention
big on Archaeological Heritage in
Trowulan. He dug up the old water system
named "Tikus" Temple or Temple of Mouse
and Adinegoro also initiated
formation of the Mojokerto Museum
store of archaeological artifacts
Majapahit Kingdom. Meanwhile, J.
Knebel, members Comissie voor
Oudheidkundig Orderzoek op Java en
Madura in 1907
documenting the archaeological heritage
Trowulan. Another scholar, NJ Krom,
the last legacy of the Kingdom
Majapahit in Trowulan in his book
Inleiding tot de Hindoe Javaansche
Kunst (1923).
Research
more
intensive
do
on
formation
Oudheidkundige
Vereeneging
Majapahit
(OVM)
in
1924 initiated by RAA
Kromodjojo Adinegoro work together
with a Dutchman by the name of
Ir. Henry Maclaine Pont in office
in Trowulan. The Office set
as a house museum and exhibition
relics of an era
Majapahit. Between 1921-1924, Maclaine
Pont led the excavation at Trowulan
to verify the data of the manuscript
Nagarakartagama and provide
initial reconstruction sketch of Majapahit
in Trowulan.
Stutterheim who conduct research
on the capital structure of the Kingdom
Majapahit also use the script
Nagarakartagama Canto VIII - XII
as the main reference and concluded
that the palace city planning
Majapahit analogous to that of the
Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Studies
further suggests that
Construction on the palace complex
resembles the design of a Balinese compound
palace (Stutterheim, 1948). research
further carried out by the Centre
National Archaeological Research
(Arkenas Research Center) in 1970 to
, 1993. Centre for Research continues to seek
more evidence of the old city through
archaeological excavations with
using the instructions (place name)
found in the manuscript
Nagarakartagama as a reference or
based on new findings
discovered by the local community.
Research at that time apply
Sporadic strategies and found that
Trowulan site is an accumulation
of various artifacts not only
showed evidence of settlement
humans, but also other sites
used for ceremonial activities,
rituals, sanctuaries, industrial activities, home
slaughter, burial, rice,
markets, aqueducts and reservoirs. The websites
dividing the city into areas
smaller connected by
road system. However, the results of
This research has not been able to
provide a complete portrait of the entire
Majapahit as
described by prapanca in
writing literature in Nagarakartagama.
A
comprehension
which
more
comprehensive
of
Site
Trowulan
acquired
through
photo
air
of
site
which
taken
by
Tim Geography Gadjah Mada University
indicates that the site Trowulan
is a city which has
canal system. Since 1926, various
studies have revealed that
Trowulan site has 18 dams
large and small are connected to the
irrigation systems with channel width and
narrow. From the aerial view of the old city of
Majapahit, it can be observed that
ancient water canals constructed symmetric and
seems to have formed City. year
after year, research activities and
preservation more done in Site
Trowulan not only by the Centre
Preservation of Cultural Heritage in East Java,
which is responsible for
preserve the site, but also by
other institutions and academics
have attention to heritage
Glorious Majapahit Empire in World
Trowulan. As time progresses,
many building sites and the remains of
human settlements have been excavated,
restored, maintained and
utilized as the Rat Temple (Temple
Mice), Gateway of Bajangratu, New
Temple, Gentong Temple, Gateway
Wringinlawang, Kedaton Temple, and
Completion Sentonorejo.
Thousands of artifacts from the site has Trowulan
discovered and preserved. Partially
most of the artifacts found by
experts and were found by
held in the local community
Majapahit Information Center or known
Majapahit Information Center (PIM)
. Majapahit artifacts classified
based on the substance of the material artifacts:
a.
Terracotta Artifacts (made of earthenware
clay) consists of: 1) Sculpture /
Human statue or sculpture
(Featuring a different race as
Chinese, Indian, Arabic), 2) Home Appliances
Appliances such as water bottles, tubs, piggy-
banks; 3) the means of production, among others:
mold sculpture, kowi (metal mold
good, made of clay), and
4) Elements of buildings and housing
like miniature houses, pillars as
maquette, tile, tops, water pipes, and
jaladwara (drains temple).
b. Ceramic artifacts (made from
ceramics) such as plates, bowls, vases,
spoon either locally made or from import.c. Metal
artifacts (made from
metals) such as: coins either artificial
of local and foreign origin, tool
used for ceremonies
such as bells, mirrors, zodiac baker,
burn dupa.d. Stone artifacts (made
from andesite or tuff) as
relief, statues and tablets
Stone. Analyzing various artifacts,
many researchers then studied
Further Majapahit era civilization,
associated with various
aspects such as economic systems, religion,
literature, technology, art, law, agriculture
and the environment. The results of the study and
This in-depth research has been
enrich the wealth of knowledge
on the findings of the Majapahit kingdom and
has allowed the experts to
reconstruct civilization at that time.
Based on the findings of scattered heritage
either in the form of the remains of the building
and ancient human settlements as well as
individual artifacts, Nurhadi Rangkuti
then propose the hypothesis that
Majapahit capital area in Trowulan
measuring 9 x 11 sq. km. This hypothesis
analogy applies in the age pattern of city
Islamic Mataram pointing mosque
as a landmark for the border
kingdom. Assuming that the culture
is a diffusion process continued, the city
Majapahit kingdom must have
based on a city
planning concepts that may
similar to the Mataram Kingdom.
The results of this extensive study on the
Site Trowulan clearly shows that
Trowulan site is the location of the remains
the capital city of the Majapahit kingdom during
more than 200 years between the 13 - century
15th, and the site is valued as
important part of the history
Indonesian culture and civilization.
Justification of Outstanding Universal Value
(I) is a work of genius
Human Artefak diverse creative
support the site as a mother Trowulan
city ​​of Majapahit Kingdom can be observed
until now. The remains of archaeological and
thousands of artifacts found in the
Trowulan site strong indication that
Trowulan is a modern city
it.From during archaeological evidence
found on the site, can be
concluded that the capital of the Kingdom
Majapahit in Site built Trowulan
through a process of deliberation and
done with planning
thorough and detailed architecture
promoting modern wisdom
in the care of the local environment. This
provide evidence of accumulation
knowledge and ideas of civilization
Indonesia advanced to the ancestors
12th and 14th centuries.
Some experts studying the site
Trowulan to interpret various
possible reasons for choosing
this area as the capital for
Majapahit kingdom in the past. Following
These are some considerations:
a. This region is an area that
very fertile because no sediment
quarter containing volcanic sand
or gravel pyroc clastica. Ingredients
This comes from a volcano in section
south of the area known as
Arjuna complex consists of
Anjasmoro volcanic mountains,
Welirang, and Penanggunangan. Mountain
Anjasmoro is the oldest volcano
The area has changed. Be
unstable, mountain rock can
moves. These rocks move into
volcanic mud flow when it rains
hit the area and
develop into a fan-shaped
fluvio volcanic sediments. From the analysis
This, it can be concluded that the area
Trowulan located at the tip of the fan
fluvio volcanic. Furthermore, supported
by River watershed from Ginting
and Brangkal River and has
flat topography rich with fluvio
volcanic sediment, this area
provide stable power source
and fertile to sustain
people's lives.
b. Once close to the water sheds
Brantas River and other small rivers,
Trowulan areas have easy access
with other regions.
c. The canals were built in
systematically dissecting the city
Majapahit was the result of deliberation
wise and advanced civilization
show concern for
environment. Previous studies have
indicate that the climate in that
age Trowulan and surrounding area
has not changed significantly
compared to the tropical rainy climate
currently categorized as Type
AW. According to Koppen, under the type of
climate, high rainfall in
rainy months can not be
compensate for the low rainfall in
dry season. (Sutikno, 1993). On
This condition, Trowulan region and
vicinity may experience 4
until 6 months of drought in
year. Despite having two streams -
Scissors and Brangkal River River, in
The second volume of the dry season the river
can shrink and the opposite happens
in the rainy season. Flooding can
occur and develop fluvio
volcanic fan (Sutikno, 1993). By
Therefore, installment canal system would
justified.
With 20 to 40 channels across
Majapahit meter-wide area, the city is
designed under an organized pattern
the building is located in the
certain parts of Majapahit
a planned city, Majapahit
clearly is central to the government.
Network of canals in cross-site Trowulan
crosses city almost perpendicular.
Apparently Majapahit developed
based chessboard pattern
formed by a relatively straight channel
and extending perpendicularly from the north
to south and from west to east.
The course of the canal was not necessarily
aligned
the north-south magnetic axis
earth. The canals are slightly shifted
-100 To right, clockwise
Cartesian quadrant. It appears that the channel
adapted to the conditions
geographically. Seen from a distance grid canal
on the map, in the west, channels the north-
located relatively close to the south of the
each other than to their
built in the eastern part. It is
showed that in the zone where
relatively close to the canal, this area
utilized for completion,
city ​​center and the royal palace. While
it, the canals east-west
built straight and intersecting parts
the middle of the canal system gives evidence
that there is a link to social activities
culture which connects the
east, west, north and south to
the central part of the city. The canals also
associated with the road network
constructed parallel to the canal either
on one or both sides of the canal.
The results showed that
duct system and building water
built in the Majapahit era serving
as a means of irrigation for agriculture
and used to channel water
into the reservoir. Trowulan have
Dam of five reservoirs that Baureno, Kumitir
Dam, Dam Domas, Temon Dam, Kraton
Wulan Kedung Dam and Dam. Besides
The dam, Trowulan have
three man-made ponds positioned
closely, namely Bunder Balong, Balong Dowo,
Segaran and ponds. Dam-
serves as a reservoir dam
water, flood control, and
manage moisture areas.
d. As a city, site Trowulan
holding a variety of cultural heritage
of various aspects of life-good
sacred and profane-is interesting to
studied further. Architecture and
relief sculpture on heritage structures in
Site Trowulan show expertise
of the architects and craftsmen in
integrate with the exotic culture
local culture.
(V) Be outstanding examples of
type of building, architectural ensemble
or technology or landscape
illustrates an important step in
traditional human settlement,
use of land, or sea culture
which shows the interaction of culture
(Or cultures), or human interaction
with nature, especially when it has been
become vulnerable under the impact
irreversible changes;
In the past, the historian and expert assessment
just researching ancient culture era structures
Hindu-Buddhist in Indonesia. Archaeologist
and architects tend to focus on
sacred building commonly known
as a temple. Meanwhile, only
little attention has been given to
study the structure of such non-temple
human settlements, because there is no
complete structure of human settlements
ever found. As a matter of
fact, from several studies, it was
shows that not far from
the temples, there are traces of human
settlements
around the temple complex structure
have been identified. Mundardjito et al
have found the remains of settlements
to the south of Bawongan Temple
in 1976, and found
a settlement sites around
Borobudur temple complex, which
located in the upper field and a
settlements in the southern and southwestern
Candi Borobudur temple lowland
in the 1970-s. Looking at these findings,
Boechari in his article entitled
"Temples and the Environment",
propose the hypothesis that the temple
as a place of worship not stand
itself. Along with this temple that
serves as the center of ritual, there
housing for local people,
the priests and administrators of temples
(Boechari, 1977).
In addition to the ancient settlements in
proximity of the temple, Indonesia has
an archaeological site that is clear
showing the remains of settlements
human-scale city Trowulan
Site in Mojokerto, East Java. Have
The broad coverage, Trowulan site
home rich heritage in the form of
temples, gateways, water structures, reservoirs,
system of canals, construction elements,
thousands of
terracotta and ceramic ware
used for domestic purposes
stairs. Among these findings, there
many sites the remains of settlements
humans are also revealed.
According Soekmono, of many
Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia
which existed before the Islamic Empire
(Before 1500 AD), only the Kingdom
Majapahit (14th to 16th century AD)
has provided a relic
human settlements in the world Trowulan.
Produce such a rich heritage
it, the site is considered by Trowulan
many experts as very important and
rare. Satements authenticity and / or
integrity
 Trowulan site has a lot of value
significant as follows: 1.
Trowulan Site has scientific value
indispensable as a source of
analogy to the study last period
City of Majapahit was one
The classic example of city settlement
Indonesia, which serves as a
benchmark for studying the cities
Other ancient Southeast Asia and towns
more ancient cities in Indonesia (Mataram
Ancient) in terms of spatial planning
and environmental management and other
aspek.2. Trowulan site has value
teknis.Unsur relative and main elements
of completion of Majapahit as
Segaran ponds, canals are
evidence that tehre is understanding
significant hydraulic technology and
high artistic value in terms of concepts,
techniques and methods that have been acquired
by the ancestors of Indonesia in
past .3. Trowulan Site has
strong identity and values
sosialPenyelesaian in the city of Majapahit
closely related to a continuum
traditional settlement of culture
Bali in the elderly, where both
settlement shows how agrarian
Indonesia.4 indigenous people's lives.
Trowulan site has value
pendidikan.Penyelesaian Majapahit
has great potential for
further developed as
media education for generations
present and future. It may be
serves as a means for
forward the values ​​of local wisdom
which reflects a tradition for
understand and balance
culture with nature conservation.
Awesome, it turns out region
Majapahit wider than the
estimated for this by historians.
Recent research on the placement
Majapahit soldiers outside Java
see the amazing fact.
Interestingly, escort platoon platoon Majapahit
consisting of Muslim soldiers.
Legacy can still be
proved up to now.
The posting of Majapahit soldiers
The vassal kingdom (subordinate) that
consists of 40 elite soldiers of religion
Islam in the Kingdom Gelgel-Bali, Wanin
Papua, Java Wood Western Australia, and
Marege-Land Amhem (Darwin)
Northern Australia in the 14th century
strengthens the evidence that Gajah Mada
is a Muslim.
Soldiers of Islam is derived from the base
Gajah Mada in recruiting soldiers
elite consisting of three (3) criteria:
Mada, Gondang (Tenggulun Lamongan)
and Badander (Jombang) is known
as an old friend of his friend base.
From this village the village youth recruited
into force Bhayangkara II and
so on.
Tuban, Leran, Ampel, Sedayu as
Pantura Guard base. Malaya Pahang,
Bugis Makassar, and Pasai as base
Outside Java Sea soldiers.
At that time Islam in Java has
blend since the 10th century which
evidenced by the discovery of Inscription
Fatimah bint headstone Maimoon (d.
1082 M) in Leran, Gresik
Kufic Arabic script reads. And
Inscription Gondang - Lamongan
written with the Arabic alphabet (Jawi) and
letters Old Javanese (Kawi).
Both are relics
Airlangga times. While the
Islam has entered into Java since time
Medang Kingdom 7th century. Islamic new
grown rapidly in Java
the 15th century, the role of indirect
political Gajah Mada, Mada village,
Lamongan, 14th century politician.
Majapahit elite army unit already
built since the time of Jayanegara (1319),
ie the king guard troops Bhayangkara,
led by Gajah Mada jacks.
In the next period the elite unit continues
growing, especially in the Gajah
Mada served as Mahapatih
amangkubhumi from the year 1334 until
1359, since the time Tribhuwana Tunggadewi
Hayam Wuruk up period.
According to the "Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai",
when Majapahit attacked Pasai, and
repelled (1345), and then attacked
back and meluluh bullion palace
Sultan Ahmad Malik Az Zahir (1350),
Gajah Mada who is also a Muslim,
bring captive people Pasai
composed of experts, engineers graduate
Baghdad, Damascus and Andalusia.
While Sultan Pasai escape
of the palace. On arrival at Majapahit,
Gajah Mada free prisoners
after negotiating with
King Hayam Wuruk.
Then the person is cooperating Pasai
to construct with Gajah Mada
glory of Majapahit. In exchange, the
Majapahit give autonomy to
Kingdom of Pasai Darussalam, and
putting people at the complex Pasai
Trowulan elite in the capital Majapahit. Case
This is evidenced, in 1377 the Majapahit
destroy the Buddhist kingdom
Sriwijaya and control of the entire island
Sumatra, except Pasai.
"Then the word of the Nata will all
Pasai the prisoner was out, send it
Java is sitting on the ground, where A
his heart. That is why so many
sacred in the land of Java when Pasai
defeated by Majapahit it "(Excerpt from
"Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai").
With the people who are experts Pasai
in the field of wrought metal, be it steel
and gold, so established
workshop weapons and agricultural tools
perfect (standard Damascus steel),
irrigation channel models in Andalusia
Trowulan and mill gold dinar coins
Majapahit. Along with the expansion
Majapahit region to realize
"Sumpah Palapa", Gajah Mada
form a platoon platoon-specific
dominated by Muslim soldiers.
Soldiers of Islam Majapahit in Bali
Placement of 40 soldiers of Islam
Majapahit kingdom Gelgel -
Klungkung, Bali begins when King
Gelgel I, Dalem Ketut Ngulesir (1320 -
1400) to visit the man SOWAN
Trowulan, shortly after the declaration
the establishment of the Kingdom Gelgel 1383.
He was accompanied by General Patih,
Arya Patandakan and Kyai Klapodyana
(Gusti Kubon badan) facing
King Hayam Wuruk during ceremony
Cradha and the annual meeting of the countries
vassals of the Majapahit empire. Ketut
Ngulesir ask support from
Maharaja Majapahit, which granted
with the provision of one (1) unit of platoon
specifically target late Gajah Mada.
("The Book of the Babad Dalem", manuscript
Kings of Bali).
The Muslim soldiers were married with
Balinese women, and children and grandchildren
there.
They are very loyal to fortify Castle
Gelgel - Klungkung. Even though the
at the end of the Majapahit empire
collapse (1527), but the Soldiers of Islam remain
Gelgel kingdom into an elite soldier,
from generation to generation. Similarly, in
Kingdom of Buleleng, Islamic warriors
fortify the castle of Buleleng
attack the King of Badung and Mengwi King
of the Kingdom in South Bali.
Nowadays we can still see in
Bali, descendants of the soldiers of Islam
Majapahit
which has reached thousands of Muslims
Balinese (they use the name
Bali, to distinguish the Muslim
entrants) precisely in the village Gelgel,
Klungkung and Pegayaman village,
Buleleng - 70 kilometers north of Denpasar.
They are the majority population in
ancient villages.
Before Gajah Mada (d. 1364) had
building systems unit recruitment
consisting of elite troops
Muslim soldiers, equipped with weapons
ultimate, and fight according
with the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad.
Second, King Hayam Wuruk suspected
has learned that Gajah Mada
not a Sudra, but a
Muslims. The possibility of secret info
This was obtained from the Queen Mother
Tribhuwana
Tunggadewi.
In honor of the late Mapatih Gajah
Mada, he scatters not
Muslim platoon platoon numbered 40
people, because of the school of Imam
Shafi, a minimum requirement for
Friday prayers are setting up 40
people. Third, the ability of combat 40
Muslim soldiers can
destroying 200 to 400 people
regular army of the enemy. Because they
equipped with military capabilities
control of various types of weapons. Case
This is evidenced in the war
defend Castle of Buleleng
invasion of the joint forces of two
Badung and Mengwi kingdom, which
located in South Bali.
Hayam Wuruk awe of loyalty and
provision promises Muslims. They
property is not affected temptation, woman
and the throne that is not right. They
never been drunk, gamble, and thieves
adultery (in the bad habit of Majapahit
was drunk and gambling, as well as
women). When a platoon of soldiers of Islam
Majapahit is escorted home
King Gelgel group, Ketut Ngulesir,
they are supplied by Hayam Wuruk
in the form of tens of thousands of Chinese cash
coins and
Puppet gobog coins (coins kepeng
copper) as well as hundreds of gold dinar coins
Majapahit.Ini in retaliation for
tribute submission of the Kingdom Gelgel
Klungkung in the form of crops, animals
livestock and catches, jewelry and
Gelgel folk crafts. Hayam
Wuruk expect, these coins stock
capable of stimulating the growth of
Gelgel economy. Since then the temple
Klungkung and Buleleng Pura has
familiar with the gold dinar coins in
their rituals.
Islam Majapahit soldiers in Papua Wanin
When Prof. Kern JH and NJ Krom researching
Nagarakertagama books found
(Looted) by JLA Brandes of the palace
Cakranagara, Lombok (1894). Prof. Nucleus
and Krom, 1920, found the fact that
Majapahit rule in West Papua
evidenced by the placement
Muslim soldiers in Wanin - Papua.
Wanin kingdoms in Fak-Fak
to Biak is a vassal of Majapahit.
Until now, the kings and the people
The Wanin and the consortium is very condensed
Islamic nuance and eloquence
memorize the verses of the holy Qur'an.
Time
Majapahit
collapse,
on
century
to
16,
Empire
Wanin
merge
with
Empire
Ternate
Darussalam
in North Maluku, formerly also
is subordinate Majapahit.
It is estimated that the site of Majapahit in Papua
widespread in Fak-Fak, Biak and Raja
Ampat. Their offspring differ
the Papuan race.
Islam Majapahit soldiers in Marege -
Australia
According to Prof. Regina Ganter, historian
from the University of Griffith, Brisbane,
Australia - has recently researched the tribe
Aboriginal Malay-speaking Marege
Makassar. Marege is an ancient village in
Arnhem land, in the Darwin area,
Northern Australia. Regina getting
amazing fact, that
Muslim communities from ancient Aboriginal
of the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo, Makassar,
has existed since the 17th century (1650's),
and the spread of Islam in Australia
North to the village in Java Wood
Western Australia.
Marege people today call
dollars for money pronoun, whereas
its currency is the dollar.
Also called dinars for gold coins
Australia. Formerly was found
gobog Puppet coin in the village Marege
Darwin. Though the coin is gobog
Majapahit official coins. It shows
the presence of traces of century Majapahit
soldiers
14 were sent to Marege, In
his research, Prof.. Regina said
that since the time of Sultan Hasanuddin
(1653-1669) Pinisi ships from
Napier master bay waters
Carpentaria - Darwin, they seek
tripang (sea cucumber). In Arnhem land, Marege,
Makassar people relate
with Aborigines, married and
breed shaping community
Aboriginal Muslims. In culture
Marege, their apparent
Phinisi ship drawing Napier
in their ancient artwork.
Interestingly, the ship was have horizontal wood
on left and right side for balance.
sculpted in sculpture and painting
they were hundreds of years old.
When the British colonized Rayah
Marege villages and rural Java Wood,
they almost destroyed the culture
Aborigines Islamic century Marege
to 20 as the flow of Westernization in the country
Kangaroos. Marage many works of art
were brought to Europe. People Marege
refer to the UK as a
'Balanda', whereas the Java Wood
call it 'Walanda', and war
against the British called 'Jihad
Kaphe '.
Surely 'Majapahit' are the Nation
great and glorious, ever build Superpower
Civilization - Archipelago. Let
united, eliminate selfishness and racist,
cynicism, let us rise up and
rebuild the archipelago and
Keeping the greatness of the Homeland (state
unitary Republic of Indonesia). Do not
this country ever willingly broken down
by the colonial modern nation.
Many facts and truth
obscured by foreign nations on
Indonesia and royal glory
kingdom of magnitude as Kerajaan
Srivijaya and Majapahit kingdom.
Much of the evidence and the legacy
history of this earth who have looted
nation and citizens of other nations.
If it is hard to determine the former a
archipelago could be a big job
legacy stuff has been taken
all enumerated by colonizing nations, if
there is still the rest of the temple and pualan
such as Borobudur.
History should be removed and clarified
that the deed of establishment of this country
since
days of empire are not destroyed, not
easily claimed and recognized other nations,
already occurred by the predecessor
the great archipelago leave
inscription of history, but is now a relic
it has been deposited by the residents and
other countries.